The North and South Clip Art North and South Civil War Clip Art

Sam Meeker

The '60s: Not All Fun & Games

                When you lot think of the 1960s, what comes to heed?  In that location were The Beatles, space exploration, The Flintstones, and popular art.  Yet with these advancements and heady times came war, riots, and hatred.  The 1960s brought America a time of heated disagreements and incredible change, especially in the Due south.

                Racial discrimination was aught new for 1960s America, but it certainly found new outlets for disruption and change in a very short period of time.  American laws and gild began to reflect the intense discrimination of African-Americans once the Civil State of war ended, and the feelings merely grew through the years.  Despite the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868, equal protection for all citizens continued to be ignored.  The Southward good much segregation, including a lack of voting rights for African-American citizens, Jim Crow laws, and politicians who ignored racial violence.  Although the Civil Rights motility was working towards equality in the belatedly nineteen^thursday century into the '50s, many Americans in the 1960s began to feel a demand for stronger actions.  Because of this, a new twist on the Civil Rights movement was born.

Ceremonious Rights March, 1965

The African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968)

The African-American Civil Rights motion of the 1960s grew out of biblically based and nonviolent methods used past people like Martin Luther Rex, Jr.  Sit-ins, boycotts, and protest marches were among the weapons used by persons fighting for equality of the races in the Due south.

Sit down-ins gained attention in the 1960s in such Southern states as Tennessee, Georgia, and Due north Carolina.  The purpose of sit-ins was to nonviolently insubordinate against and effort to change the segregation laws across the South.  Perhaps the most famous of these sit down-ins were the 1960 Greensboro sit-ins at Woolworth's section shop in North Carolina.  African-American college students fought for equality by sitting downwardly at the shop's white-only counter where they were not allowed to be served (meet photo at right).  These nonviolent but risky happenings swept across the South, followed by newspaper and television reporters who watched sit down-ins plough into organized boycotts.  Media attention was just what the sit-ins needed to starting time a new wave of revolution in the South.

Core & The Liberty Rides

The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) was founded in 1942 by a grouping of students with the goal of changing racist attitudes in America.  In the 1960s, CORE became very active in the struggle for the desegregation of the Due south past organizing sit-ins and other powerful events such every bit the Freedom Rides.  In the summer of 1961, both black and white persons boarded public buses headed for the South.  These liberty riders wished to nonviolently insubordinate confronting the segregation of public transportation that had been the norm of the South for then long.  As the buses fabricated their style deeper into the South, the riders began to feel hostility and violence.  The riders were severely beaten by white mobs on multiple occasions, and ane of the buses was even burned in Alabama.  These events caused uproar beyond America that only ended after Chaser Full general Robert Kennedy sent federal marshals to protect the riders.  Soon after, the Interstate Commerce Committee outlawed segregation of public transportation.

Have a few minutes to sentry a trailer for the film "Freedom Riders,"

a documentary made in 2010

Violence and "Ole Miss"

Racial violence in the South did not finish with the terrible events of the Freedom Rides.  The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) had strong ties in the southern one-half of America that began to flare up due to the civil rights movement of the 1960s.  The KKK based their racist attitudes on beliefs of white supremacy in a autonomous Southward, which was seemingly under attack by pushing for equality as seen in civil rights activities.  Violence towards such movements included the bombing of black schools and riots between blacks, whites, and the KKK.

Integration of Ole Miss

                Despite the violent KKK and other happenings, people in the Due south connected to fight for racial equality.  The University of Mississippi, known as "Ole Miss," had long been a schoolhouse for whites only.  When James Meredith, an African-American veteran, applied to the school, he was denied four times.  James eventually was escorted to Ole Miss by federal marshals for some other attempt at registration, which only led to rioting, injury, and two deaths.  President Kennedy sent the National Guard to stop the violence and James attended classes the very next solar day, officially desegregating Ole Miss.

Change…Finally!

                After President Kennedy's bump-off, President Lyndon B. Johnson continued Kennedy's piece of work and passed the Civil Rights Act in 1964.  This police finally protected African-American citizens from multiple forms of discrimination.  Just one year afterward, Johnson passed the Voting Rights Human activity, guaranteeing voting rights to African-Americans.  These two acts inverse the political makeup of the S; the number of African-Americans in part skyrocketed across the land.  Take a moment to think about how these civil rights struggles led to the political changes we experience today. Jot downwards a few notes in your journals to share next grade flow.

                Resisting segregation was a big change for the American South in the 1960s, peculiarly since racial inequality was 'normal' for and so long before.  The African-American Ceremonious Rights move was an of import outcome that helped change attitudes and morals throughout the S, giving united states of america all a better future today!

President Johnson shaking hands with Martin Luther King, Jr.

during the signing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

For Additional Information Visit:

Assignments

One. An commodity published in a February 2012 edition ofUSA Today states that the racial "opportunity gap" is smaller in the Southward than in the Due north.  Read the article at www.usatoday.com (information technology is short!) and write a journal entry that includes:

a. Your own definition/explanation of what the "opportunity gap" means

b. Why you think such a gap is smaller in one part of America equally compared to another

c. At least one other source of data that you briefly researched (newspaper manufactures, websites, books, etc)

d. Two questions that you have after reading and researching this topic

e. Must be at to the lowest degree ii pages typed, double spaced

f. Be thoughtful, ask questions, and have fun!

TWO.  Explore the JFK Library'southward interactive online portal for "Integrating Ole Miss."  Once yous have looked through the content, pretend you are either James Meredith, Attorney General Robert Kennedy, President John Kennedy, or some other, imaginary student at Ole Miss.  From the point of view that you choose, create a Glog (www.glogster.com) that tells about your feelings and experiences with segregation and changing attitudes at the University of Mississippi in the 1960s.

Be sure to include:

a. 2 or more pictures

b. at least 1 curt paragraph of text

c. 1 video prune, audio clip, or link to a letter of the alphabet from the JFK Library website

Picture Sources:

Video Source:

Social Studies GLCEs

6 – H 1.two.3  Identify the point of view (perspective of the author) and context when reading and discussing

chief and secondary sources.

half-dozen – H 1.2.5  Identify the role of the individual in history and the significance of i person's ideas.

6 – H 1.4.3  Use historical perspective to analyze global problems faced by humans long ago and today.

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Source: https://sites.google.com/site/lookingbackatthe1960s/home/culture/southern-cultures-of-the-1960s-under-construction-sam-m

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